This paper is in the following e-collection/theme issue:

World Wide Web and Social Media in Dermatology (37) Medicine 2.0: Social Media, Open, Participatory, Collaborative Medicine (1552) Infodemiology and Infoveillance (1269) Quality/Credibility of eHealth Information and Trust Issues (485) Public (e)Health, Digital Epidemiology and Public Health Informatics (636)

Published on in Vol 7 (2024)

Preprints (earlier versions) of this paper are available at https://preprints.jmir.org/preprint/46085, first published .
Visibility of Board-Certified Dermatologists on TikTok

Visibility of Board-Certified Dermatologists on TikTok

Visibility of Board-Certified Dermatologists on TikTok

Authors of this article:

Chaitra Subramanyam1 Author Orcid Image ;   Alyssa Becker2 Author Orcid Image ;   Julianne Rizzo3 Author Orcid Image ;   Najiba Afzal3 Author Orcid Image ;   Yvonne Nong4 Author Orcid Image ;   Raja Sivamani5 Author Orcid Image
Article Authors Cited by Tweetations (2) Metrics

    Research Letter

    1College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific Northwest, Western University of Health Sciences, Lebanon, OR, United States

    2John A Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, United States

    3College of Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, United States

    4College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Flint, MI, United States

    5Pacific Skin Institute, Sacramento, CA, United States

    Corresponding Author:

    Raja Sivamani, AP, MSc, MD

    Pacific Skin Institute

    1495 River Park Dr

    Suite 200

    Sacramento, CA, 95815

    United States

    Phone: 1 (916) 925 7020

    Email: raja.sivamani.md@gmail.com


    Tik Tok is an emerging social media platform that provides a novel opportunity for health practitioners such as dermatologists to disseminate accurate health information.

    JMIR Dermatol 2024;7:e46085

    doi:10.2196/46085

    Keywords

    board; certification; board certification; health; media; public; social; TikTok; social media; health information; misinformation; diagnosis; users; medical training; training; media content; skin; derma; derm; dermatologist; dermatology; epidermis; dermatitis; cellulitis; skin doctor; skin; hair; nail 


    TikTok is a video-sharing social media platform with over 1.1 billion active users since its launch in 2016 [1]. Social media platforms such as TikTok are used by medical and nonmedical professionals to share health information. However, health misinformation spreads more quickly than evidence-based information, posing a public health issue [2]. Our study aimed to categorize popular dermatology-related posts and analyze the visibility of board-certified dermatologists (BCD) on TikTok.


    The methods were designed based on a previous study that examined dermatology content on Instagram by Park et al [3]. First, a list of top dermatologic diagnoses and procedures was compiled based on the National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey and the American Society of Dermatologic Survey of Dermatologic Procedures [4,5]. Then, all of the terms were queried as hashtags in TikTok’s search feature on January 2, 2021.

    The 20 dermatologic conditions and procedures with the highest total views were identified. Profession-specific hashtags (#dermatology, #boardcertifieddermatologist, #dermatologist, and #derm) were also queried. The term with the highest total views was chosen among synonymous terms.

    The first 10 posts under each of the 44 hashtags were then viewed. Top posts were selected through TikTok’s private algorithm, which uses total views, followers, and other metrics. Users’ self-reported occupations were identified, and board certifications were confirmed through the Certification Matters website [6]. Posts were categorized into 4 categories: educational, self-promotional, non–paid product placements, and advertisements. Educational content was identified as any post that aimed to provide informative material regarding a dermatologic condition and/or procedure. Self-promotional content was defined as posts intended to advance the user’s professional pursuits. Non–dermatology-related posts were excluded.


    Of the 18.68 billion total views of the hashtags investigated, 12.9 billion (69.1%) were related to skin conditions, 4.26 billion (22.8%) were related to dermatologic procedures, and 1.52 billion (8.17%) were profession-specific.

    Out of 231 unique user profiles that accounted for the 360 top dermatology-related posts, 70 (30.3%) were patients, 66 (28.57%) were medical professionals, and 11 (4.76%) were estheticians (Table 1).

    BCD and dermatology residents made up 15 (6.49%) and 7 (3.03%) of the top dermatology-related content creators, respectively. In the queried hashtags, verified BCD and dermatology residents created 13.89% (50/360) and 8.89% (32/360) of the top posts, respectively.

    Of the identified top posts, 46.67% (168/360) were educational, 27.50% (99/360) were self-promotional, 13.89% (50/360) were non–paid product placements, and 0.83% (3/360) were advertisements.

    A total of 29.76% (50/168) and 70.24% (118/168) of educational posts were created by nonmedical and medical professionals, respectively; specifically, BCD created 20.83% (35/168) and dermatology residents created 18.45% (31/168). BCD were responsible for only 30% of the profession-specific hashtag-identified posts (Table 2).

    Table 1. Medical professionals versus nonmedical professionals who created top dermatology-related TikTok videos (total unique creators: N=231).
    CategorySelf-identified, n (%)Residency or board-certified status confirmed, n (%) of total unique creators
    Medical professionals


    		Dermatologists15 (6.49)13 (5.63)

    		Dermatology residents7 (3.03)7 (3.03)

    		Physicians in other specialties21 (9.09)16 (6.93)

    		Nurse practitioners6 (2.6)4 (1.73)

    		Physician’s assistants or associates2 (0.87)2 (0.87)

    		Registered nurses4 (1.73)2 (0.87)

    		Unspecified11 (4.76)0 (0)

    		All medical professionals66 (28.57)44 (19.05)
    Nonmedical professionals


    		Patients70 (30.3)N/Aa

    		Estheticians11 (4.76)N/A

    		Verified account (brand or influencer)12 (5.19)N/A

    		Other72 (31.17)N/A

    		All nonmedical professionals165 (71.43)N/A

    aN/A: not applicable.

    Table 2. Users responsible for the top 10 videos under each profession-specific hashtag.
    UsersHashtag, nTotal, n (%)

    		#dermatology#derm#dermatologist#boardcertifieddermatologist
    Board-certified dermatologist211812 (30)
    Dermatology resident408113 (32.5)
    Internal medicine physician07007 (17.5)
    Registered nurse10012 (5)
    Esthetician01001 (2.5)
    Other31105 (12.5)

    Our results suggest that most of the popular dermatology-related content on TikTok is created by individuals without verifiable medical training. This highlights a space for BCD to showcase their profession and prevent the spread of health misinformation. As the use of social media platforms like TikTok continues to grow, BCD have an opportunity to increase their presence as a credible source for the public to acquire dermatologic knowledge.

    The use of hashtags explicitly related to dermatology by users who are not BCD or dermatology residents may mislead TikTok users. Transparency regarding professional health care credentials on TikTok may improve credibility. There is currently no way to verify professional credentials on TikTok; a feature to distinguish medical professionals from nonmedical professionals can add to the visibility of BCD and help users make informed decisions regarding their source of health information online.

    Conflicts of Interest

    RKS is a scientific advisor for LearnHealth, Arbonne, and Codex Labs Corp and a consultant for Burt’s Bees, Novozymes, Nutrafol, Incyte, Fotona, Biogena, Image Skincare, Bristol Myers Squibb, Novartis, Pfizer, AbbVie, LEO Pharma, UCB, Sun, Sanofi, and Regeneron Pharmaceuticals.

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    5. ASDS members performed more than 12.5 million treatments in 2018. American Society for Dermatologic Surgery. Aug 19, 2019. URL: https:/​/www.​asds.net/​skin-experts/​news-room/​press-releases/​asds-members-performed-more-than-125- million-treatments-in-2018 [accessed 2021-01-05]
    6. Certification Matters. URL: https://www.certificationmatters.org/ [accessed 2023-10-06]

    ‎
    BCD: board-certified dermatologists

    Edited by R Dellavalle; submitted 30.01.23; peer-reviewed by J Ornelas, T Harpel; comments to author 29.04.23; revised version received 13.09.23; accepted 01.10.23; published 05.01.24.

    Copyright

    ©Chaitra Subramanyam, Alyssa Becker, Julianne Rizzo, Najiba Afzal, Yvonne Nong, Raja Sivamani. Originally published in JMIR Dermatology (http://derma.jmir.org), 05.01.2024.

    This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work, first published in JMIR Dermatology, is properly cited. The complete bibliographic information, a link to the original publication on http://derma.jmir.org, as well as this copyright and license information must be included.