Distinguishing Gender Identity From Biological Sex in Dermatologic Health Care: Methods, Harms, and Paths Forward

Noah N Nigro   ¹ , BS ;   Neal Chandnani   ¹ , MS ;   Athena Doshi   ² , BS ;   Alexa Fritsch   ³ , BS ;   Nathaniel A Marroquin   ³ , BS ;   Morgan Zueger   ³ , BS ;   Torunn E Sivesind   ¹ , MD ;   Robert Dellavalle   ^{1, 4, 5, 6} , MSPH, MD, PhD ;   Cory Dunnick   ¹ , MD

¹ Department of Dermatology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States

² Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States

³ Rocky Vista University College of Osteopathic Medicine, Parker, CO, United States

⁴ Dermatology Service, Rocky Mountain Regional Medical Center, Eastern Colorado Health Care System, Aurora, CO, United States

⁵ Dermatology Service, US Department of Veterans Affairs, Aurora, CO, United States

⁶ Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, CO, United States